Chemical Vapor Deposition
Graphene Industry Applications & Growth
PVI’s Graphene Production System provides solar, electronics, optics, photonics, transistors, energy and sensors. Chemical vapor deposition is accelerating the growth and commercial use of Graphene.
- Low Defects
- Easily Scalable
- Consistent Uniformity
- Precise control of layering
- Graphene films are easily transferred to other surfaces
- Layers can be deposited one at a time for improved testing and performance
In Collaboration with
Graphene Production
Large Scale and Single-Crystal Monolayer Graphene Growth
Roll-to-roll production of 30-inch graphene films for transparent electrodes
Nature Nanotechnology 5 (2010) 574-578
Monolayer of graphene supported on flexible polymer substrates with sheet resistance < 125 Ω/sq and > 97% transparency. Layer-by-layer stacking achieved four-layer films with sheet resistance < 30 Ω/sq and > 90% transparency.
Wafer-Scale Growth of Single-Crystal Monolayer Graphene on Reusable Hydrogen-Terminated Germanium
Science 344 (2014) 286-289
Single crystal monolayer graphene exhibited superior electronic and optical qualities compared to multi-grain, multi-layer graphene films. Predefined orientation in the as-grown single-crystal graphene facilitated etch-free dry transfer process.
Graphene Based Solar Cells
Grown using Chemical Vapor Deposition Process Technology
Doping leads to new efficiency record for graphene solar cells
High Efficiency Graphene Solar Cells by Chemical Doping
Nano Letters 14 (2014) 5148-515
Graphene were grown on Cu by Chemical Vapor Deposition. Graphene-based Schottky junction solar cell. Doping graphene with trifluoromethanesulfonyl-amide (TFSA) improved the graphene/n-Si solar cells from 1.9 to 8.6 percent.
MIT develops the world’s most efficient transparent graphene electrode for polymer solar cells
Flexible Graphene Electrode-Based Organic Photovoltaics with Record-High Efficiency
Nano Letters 12 (2012) 2745-2750
To address chemical and mechanical instability of currently used indium tin oxide (ITO), graphene has been suggested as a promising flexible transparent electrode. Flexible transparent graphene-based electrode for graphene polymer solar cells (PSC). Graphene anode- and cathode-based flexible PSCs with record-high power conversion efficiencies of 6.1 and 7.1%, respectively.
Silicon Nanowire Industry Uses & Growth
Using Chemical Vapor Deposition Process Technology
PVI’s Graphene Production System provides to solar cells, batteries/electronics, and solar fuel generators. Chemical Vapor Deposition system for large-area vapor-liquid-solid catalyzed silicon microwire growth. This computer-controlled system is equipped for up to 6” wafer capacity.
In Collaboration with
Silicon Microwire Technology
Using Chemical Vapor Deposition Process Technology
High fatality, wafer-scale silicon microwire arrays by vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth.
High electronic quality with well-controlled doping densities. (>>30 um carrier diffusion length. <<50 cm s-1 surface recombination velocity. 6 orders of magnitude tunability of doping concentration.) Full tunability of wire architectures and optical properties. Cheap precursors and atmospheric growth process for technology scale-up. Re-use of the Si substrates with versatile wire transfer process onto flexible polymer films.
Si Microwire Applications
Batteries
High fatality, wafer-scale silicon microwire arrays by vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth
Solar Fuel Generator
Making hydrogen from sunlight and water at 10% efficiency using Si microwires
Solar Cells
Efficient and stable Si micro-wire solar cells using atmosphere pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
